Metronidazolum tabs 250mg #40

Metronidazolum instruction for use

You can buy Metronidazolum here

Composition

The product is available in various forms, the active ingredient Metronidazolum is included in all forms.
Solution for infusion contains 5 mg of active ingredient.
Metronidazolum in tablets contains 0.25 g of active ingredient.
Vaginal suppositories with Metronidazolum have 0,125 g, 0,25 g or 0,5 g of the active ingredient. Also in the composition there are additional ingredients - polyethylene oxide 1500 and polyethylene oxide 400.
Vaginal gel Metronidazolum contains 1 g of Metronidazolum, as well as additional components: carbomer, propylene glycol, disodium edetate, propyl parahydroxybenzoate, sodium hydroxide, water.
Metronidazolum cream contains 10 mg of Metronidazolum, as well as additional components: synthetic olbrot, cetyl alcohol, sodium lauryl sulfate, glycerol, stearic acid, propyloxybenzoate, methyl-hydroxybenzoate, water.
Metronidazolum gel for external application in the composition contains 10 mg of active ingredient, as well as additional components: ethanol, disodium EDTA salt, methyl-oxybenzoate, carboxypolymethylene 940, propylene glycol, triethanolamine, propyloxybenzoate, water.

Form of issue

LS is produced in several forms. The drug in the form of a solution for infusion is a clear liquid that has a greenish tinge. It is placed in 100 ml vials, they are put in a pack of cardboard.
Tablets are contained in a cell outline package of 10 pieces. A bundle can have one, two or five cell packs.
Vaginal suppositories are torpedo-shaped, white or yellowish in color. In a pack of cardboard is embedded 10 pieces.
The vaginal gel fits in a tube of 30 grams; in the kit there is a special applicator for vaginal administration.
Also available are gel and cream for outdoor use, these products are contained in tubes of 15 grams, packed in packs of cardboard.
The drug is produced in the form of a suspension for oral administration, as well as vaginal tablets Metronidazolum, Metronidazolum Lect, and others are produced.

pharmachologic effect

The pharmacological group is an antimicrobial drug, a group of antibiotics with high anaerobic activity.
Applying for the treatment of Metronidazolum, it should be taken into account that this agent has antimicrobial and antiprotozoal effect. The mechanism of its action is based on biochemical reduction of the 5-nitro group of Metronidazolum by transport intracellular proteins of protozoa and anaerobic microorganisms.
Bacteria die due to the interaction of the reduced 5-nitro group of Metronidazolum with DNA cells of microorganisms and, as a result, inhibition of the synthesis of their nucleic acids.
The agent exhibits activity against Gardnerella vaginalis, Trichomonas vaginalis, Lamblia spp., Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia intestinalis, also active substance active against obligate anaerobes Bacteroides spp., Prevotella, Veillonella spp., Fusobacterium spp. and in relation to individual gram-positive microbes (Clostridium spp., Eubacter spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Peptococcus spp.).
If the drug is combined with amoxicillin, it shows activity against Helicobacter pylori.
At the same time, facultative anaerobes and aerobic microorganisms are not sensitive to Metronidazolum. But if there is a mixed flora (that is, aerobes and anaerobes), it acts synergistically with antibiotics that are effective against conventional aerobes.
The drug helps to increase the sensitivity of neoplasms to irradiation, provides stimulation of reparative processes, promotes the manifestation of disulfiram-like reactions.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics

The summary on LS shows that after the drug is administered intravaginally, the systemic absorption of the active substance takes place. Approximately 56% is absorbed.
There is a twofold higher relative bioavailability of the agent used in the form of a vaginal gel, compared with vaginal tablets with a single dose of 500 mg. The highest concentration with vaginal gel is achieved 6-12 hours after use.
Metronidazolum binds to blood proteins less than 20%. The substance passes through the placental barrier, GEB, gets into all tissues in the body. It is marked with breast milk.
Metabolism occurs in the liver, excretion occurs mainly through the kidneys (approximately 60-80%, while about 20% of the body is excreted unchanged). About 6-15% of the body is excreted through the intestine.

Indications for Metronidazolum

There are the following indications for the use of Metronidazolum in suppositories:
    urethritis and trichomonas vaginitis (for men and women);
    amoebic dysentery;
    giardiasis;
    manifestations of anaerobic infections that develop due to the action of microorganisms sensitive to Metronidazolum;
    for the treatment of mixed severe aerobic-anaerobic infections;
    for the prevention of anaerobic infection in the case of surgery;
    at an alcoholism in the chronic form.
Also prescribed for exacerbations of chronic gastritis; with ulcers associated with Helicobacter pylori (combined with amoxicillin).
Ointment Metronidazolum and other forms of the drug are prescribed in the following diseases and conditions:
    Vulgar and pink acne, bacterial vaginosis (applied externally);
    Wounds and trophic ulcers, which do not heal for a long time;
    with demodicosis;
    manifestation of protozoal infections (with extra-intestinal infections (intestinal amebiasis, intestinal amebiasis, amoebic liver abscess, giardiasis, trichomoniasis, trichomonas vaginitis, giardiasis, balantidiasis, cutaneous leishmaniasis, trichomoniasis urethritis, ureaplasma, cystitis);
    in the case of infections provoked by Bacteroides spp. (with infections of the central nervous system, with infections of joint bones);
    in infections that are provoked by Clostridium spp., Peptococcus and Peptostreptococcus (with infections of the pelvic organs, abdominal cavity);
    pseudomembranous colitis (against the background of antibiotics);
    ulcer and gastritis, which are associated with Helicobacter pylori;
    with the aim of preventing complications after operations, in particular after interventions in the periorrectal area, as well as after gynecological operations and apendectomy;
    as a radiosensitizing drug during radiation therapy of people suffering from tumors, if the resistance is associated with hypoxia in tumor cells.
More details about why the medication helps, from what Metronidazolum in tablets and in other forms, you can find out from specialists.

Contraindications

Such contraindications are determined for the use of all forms of this medication:
    high sensitivity to the drug;
    lesions of the central nervous system of an organic nature (epilepsy, etc.);
    leukopenia (including - in the anamnesis);
    hepatic insufficiency (dosage should be accurate, do not use large doses of the drug);
    breast-feeding.
Carefully prescribe a remedy for pregnancy, in case of kidney failure. In such conditions, dosage should be prescribed only by a doctor.

Side effects of Metronidazolum

In the process of taking the remedy, side effects may develop:
    side effects in the functions of the gastrointestinal tract: nausea, vomiting, deterioration of appetite, diarrhea, constipation, the manifestation of intestinal colic, dry mouth, pancreatitis, stomatitis;
    functions of the nervous system: impaired coordination, dizziness, ataxia, impaired consciousness, depression, irritability, hallucinations, high excitability, weakness, convulsions, headaches, insomnia, peripheral neuropathy;
    allergic manifestations: rash on the skin, urticaria, skin hyperemia, fever, arthralgia;
    urinary system: polyuria, candidiasis, dysuria, urinary incontinence, cystitis, red-brown urine;
    local manifestations: thrombophlebitis;
    other side effects: leukopenia, neutropenia, flattening of the T wave (manifested on the ECG).

Instructions for use Metronidazolum (Method and dosage)

Dosage and reception characteristics are determined by the form in which the drug is administered to the patient.

Metronidazolum tablets, instructions for use

Medication in tablets should be taken orally, doing so during meals or after eating. You do not need to chew.
Patients with trichomoniasis are given 250 mg twice a day, take 10 days. You can also use the drug at a dose of 400 mg twice a day for 5-8 days. Women in the treatment should use extra vaginal tablets or suppositories.
You can practice a second course of treatment or increase the dose. After the first course it is important to take a break for about 1 month and conduct laboratory tests for monitoring. As an alternative method of admission, 2 grams of drugs are prescribed once to both sex partners.
In the case of asymptomatic amoebiasis (if a cyst is detected), adults are prescribed 500 mg of medication 2-3 times a day, the therapy lasts 5-7 days.
In the case of amoebiasis in chronic form, the daily dose of 1.5 g is divided into three doses, the treatment lasts from 5 to 10 days.
In the case of acute amoebic dysentery, a dose of 2.25 g per day is prescribed, it should be divided into three divided doses, until the symptoms stop.
A patient liver abscess is prescribed 2.5 g of the drug per day, it can be taken in one or two or three doses. Treatment lasts for 3-5 days, while a combination of Metronidazolum with tetracyclines is possible.
When ulcerative stomatitis shows the administration of 500 mg of the drug twice a day, take 3-5 days.
In the case of pseudomembranous colitis, 500 mg tablets 3-4 times a day.
To eradicate Helicobacter pylory to take 500 mg 3 times a day, it should be done within seven days. Combined treatment with amoxicillin and others is practiced.
In order to prevent complications of an infectious nature, before surgery, 750-1500 mg of medication per day, 3-4 days before the manipulation, is prescribed. Also, a dose of 750 mg per day can be taken for 7 days after the operation.
For the treatment of anaerobic infection, 1.5-2 g of Metronidazolum or Metronidazolum LekT are prescribed per day.

Metronidazolum suppositories, instruction manual

suppositories, gel vaginal, vaginal tablets are administered intravaginally in a dose of 500 mg, you need to put it once before bed or twice - in the morning and in the evening.
As a rule, the treatment lasts for 10 days. Depending on the diagnosis or course of the disease, the dosage and duration of therapy should be adjusted by the physician. During the period of application of vaginal preparations, one should refrain from sexual intercourse.

Ointment Metronidazolum, instructions for use

As a rule, topically and externally ointment and gel should be applied twice a day, the dosage is set individually. Pre-skin should be cleaned, the layer of the remedy should be thin. If there is a need, you can impose an occlusive dressing.
As a rule, the treatment lasts from 3 to 9 weeks. You can alternate the use of gel and cream. The effect of treatment is noted after 3 weeks.

Metronidazolum veterinary

In veterinary medicine is used in the form of tablets and granules. For animals used inside, to treat trichomoniasis of livestock, histomonosis of ducks and geese, dysentery and balantidiosis of pigs.
Treatment in veterinary medicine is carried out according to the scheme that the specialist assigns. For turkeys, for chickens the dose is calculated at the rate of 10 mg per 1 kg of poultry. Give the drug you need three times a day for 10 days. How to give a tool to turkeys or other birds in the early days of life, determines the vet.
With the purpose of treatment of trichomoniasis of cattle, the agent is prescribed in a dose of 10 mg per 1 kg of weight for 3-4 days. In veterinary medicine, there are certain treatment regimens that are applied after appointment by a specialist.
Metronidazolum IV is prescribed for children after 12 years and adults, the initial dose is 0.5-1 g. Drip is introduced, with the duration of the infusion is about 40 minutes.
If the drug is well tolerated, a dropper is later injected. As a rule, the treatment is carried out for 1 week. If there is such a need, the duration of treatment can be extended.

Overdose

If an overdose of the drug occurs, the patient may experience ataxia, nausea, vomiting. In case of severe overdose, peripheral neuropathy and seizures may manifest.
In this case, symptomatic therapy is practiced, there is no specific antidote.

Interaction

You should know by applying Metronidazolum that it is a remedy that interacts in a certain way with other drugs.
The medicine enhances the effect on the body of indirect anticoagulants. As a consequence, the time of prothrombin formation increases.
When this drug is used, intolerance to ethanol is noted.
With the simultaneous administration of disulfiram, the patient may develop various neurological symptoms. It is important that between the appointment of these drugs was not less than two weeks.
Before taking intravenous Metronidazolum, it should be borne in mind that such a remedy should not be confused with other medications.
The metabolism of Metronidazolum inhibits cimetidine. As a result, the concentration of Metronidazolum in the blood increases, and the likelihood of adverse reactions increases.
With the simultaneous use of drugs that stimulate the enzymes of microsomal oxidation in the liver, the concentration of Metronidazolum in plasma can decrease.
When used at the same time as Li + preparations, an increase in the concentration of lithium is possible, which leads to signs of intoxication.
Do not practice combination with nondepolarizing muscle relaxants.
The antimicrobial effect of Metronidazolum is stimulated by sulfonamides.

Storage conditions

The medicine belongs to the list B.
Shelf life - 2 years

special instructions

It should be borne in mind that Metronidazolum is an antibiotic that can not be combined with ethanol. Otherwise serious side effects may develop.
Do not combine Metronidazolum with amoxicillin in the treatment of children and adolescents under the age of 18 years.
If treatment is carried out for a long time, it is important to carefully monitor laboratory blood counts.
In patients with leukopenia, the probability of using the drug for treatment depends on whether there is a risk of infection.
It is important to immediately stop treatment, provided that the patient shows dizziness, ataxia, worsening neurological status.
When taking the remedy, a false positive Nelson test can be noted, which should be taken into account when using Metronidazolum in thrush and other diseases.
It is important to give up sexual intercourse if there is a therapy for trichomonas vaginitis and urethritis. It is very important to treat both partners simultaneously. Do not suspend treatment for menstruation.
Applying the product externally, it should be noted that if it gets into the eyes, a gel or cream can provoke lachrymation. If this happens, it is important to immediately wash the eyes with plenty of water.
When applied externally, it is important to apply the drug completely to the entire area affected by the disease. The gel does not leave greasy stains on clothes and skin.
Also, the use of this drug in gardening and in the garden is practiced. Metronidazolum is used for plants from phytophthora. It is also used for onions to protect the plant from the onion fly.
Many specialists in the field of dermatology use Metronidazolum for acne. The gel from acne effectively removes the inflammatory processes and prevents the formation of scars. In doing so, it also affects the cause of the rashes. However, the scheme, how to take any of the forms of Metronidazolum from acne, should be prescribed only by a doctor. Sometimes the patient is also prescribed pills to eliminate problems in the body that triggered the appearance of acne.
Before starting the drug, patients are often interested in: Metronidazolum is an antibiotic or not. It should be noted that this antibacterial agent, why these pills and other forms of the drug should be prescribed only by a specialist after examination and analysis.

Children

Dosage and the regimen of taking the drug for children should be prescribed only by a doctor. As a rule, children who are not yet 1 year old are prescribed 125 mg per day, children 2-4 years of age should receive 250 mg of medication per day, children of 5-8 years receive 375 mg of medication per day.
Children after 8 years of age are prescribed 500 mg per day. For what purpose tablets are appointed, and whether it is expedient, depends on the diagnosis. Means for external use are prescribed to children after reaching the age of 12 years.

Metronidazolum during pregnancy and lactation

Metronidazolum during pregnancy is contraindicated in a woman in the first trimester, in later terms prescribe the drug according to the indications and with caution, as the active substance passes through the placenta. When breastfeeding, you can not practice drug treatment.

Metronidazolum and alcohol

Discussing the compatibility with alcohol of this drug, it should be noted that taking alcoholic beverages during treatment is by no means to be expected. Feedback indicates that this combination significantly increases the severity of side effects.
A person who has used even a small amount of alcohol during the treatment with Metronidazolum may significantly decrease blood pressure. Therefore, taking the drug from yeast infections and other diseases, you should refrain from alcohol.

Reviews Metronidazolum

In the network often there are reviews about Metronidazolum in tablets, in which they write both about the effectiveness of this remedy, and about certain concerns associated with taking the remedy. In particular, not one specialized forum contains information on side effects.
It is also noted that alcohol during the course of treatment provokes serious negative actions. Reviews of the suppositories of Metronidazolum indicate that, if used correctly, they can completely cure many unpleasant diseases.
There is information that the gel and ointment works effectively if you need to get rid of acne. In reviews often written that heals the drug, and what are the results of therapy.