Xyzal instructions for use

You can buy Xyzal here

Xyzal is the original antihistamine from UCB.

Xyzal - a medicinal product with a pronounced antihistamine and antiallergic effect. The active component of the Xisal-Levocetirizine preparation is the R-enantiomer of cetirizine. Levocetirizine competitively blocks H1-histamine receptors, and pharmacological activity of levocetirizine is almost 2 times higher than that of cetirizine.
X-ray affects the histamine-dependent phase of the allergic reaction. In addition, levocetirizine leads to a decrease in the migration of eosinophils and a decrease in the permeability of the vascular wall. Xyzal also somewhat slows the release of cytokines and inflammatory mediators.
The drug has antipruritic and antiexudative action, facilitates the course and prevents the development of allergic reactions. Levocetirizine has virtually no effect on cholinergic and serotonin receptors, and does not have a significant sedative effect.
After oral administration, levocetirizine is well absorbed in the intestinal tract. Taking the drug at the same time as eating does not change the bioavailability and absorption rate of levocetirizine. The peak plasma concentration of the active substance is reached within 1 hour after administration. Equilibrium plasma concentrations are achieved on the second day of therapy with levocetirizine.
The degree of binding of levocetirizine to plasma proteins reaches 90%, bioavailability for oral administration is 100%. Slightly metabolized in the body. Excreted mainly by the kidneys through tubular secretion and glomerular filtration. Approximately 13% of levocetirizine is excreted by the intestine. The half-life period varies from 6 to 10 hours, depending on the individual characteristics of the patient. In children, the half-life of levocetirizine is shortened.
In patients with impaired renal function, an increase in the half-life is noted. During hemodialysis, levocetirizine is practically not excreted (in the course of 4-hour hemodialysis no more than 10% of levocetirizine is excreted).
The active ingredient of the Xisal preparation penetrates into breast milk.

Indications for use:

Xyzal is intended for symptomatic therapy of patients suffering from year-round and seasonal forms of allergic conjunctivitis and rhinitis, which are accompanied by sneezing, edema of the nasal mucosa, lacrimation, rhinorrhea and hyperemia of the nasal mucosa and conjunctiva.
Xyzal is also prescribed for patients suffering from pollinosis, a chronic form of idiopathic urticaria, angioedema and allergic dermatoses, which are accompanied by a skin rash and itching.

Mode of application:

Tablets coated with a coating, Xyzal:
The drug is intended for oral administration. It is not recommended to grind or chew the tablet. Xyzal is taken regardless of food intake, the pill should be washed down with a small amount of drinking water. The duration of the course of treatment and the dose of levocetirizine is determined by the attending physician.
Adults and children older than 6 years are usually prescribed 1 tablet of Xyzal per day.
Children younger than 6 years are recommended to prescribe the drug in the form of drops of oral.
Patients with reduced renal function should adjust the dose of levocetirizine:
When creatinine clearance from 30 to 50 ml / min is usually prescribed 1 tablet Xyzal once every 48 hours.
With the clearance of creatinine from 10 to 30ml / min, as a rule, 1 tablet of Xisal preparation is prescribed once every 72 hours.
When creatinine clearance is less than 10ml / min (patients on hemodialysis), levocetirizine is not used.
With normal kidney function in elderly patients and patients with impaired liver function, the dose of levocetirizine should not be adjusted.
Duration of treatment is from 1 week to 6 months, depending on the nature of the disease. In some cases, the course is extended to 12 months under the supervision of a doctor.

Patients with a violation of kidney function selection of the dose of levocetirizine should be carried out taking into account the parameters of clearance of creatinine:
Patients with creatinine clearance from 30 to 50 ml / min are usually prescribed 20 drops of Xisal preparation 1 time every 48 hours.
Patients with creatinine clearance from 10 to 30 ml / min, as a rule, 20 drops of Xisal preparation are prescribed once every 72 hours.
Patients on hemodialysis do not receive levocetirizine.
Elderly patients and patients with impaired hepatic function with normal renal function are not required to correct the dose of levocetirizine.
The duration of therapy, as a rule, is from 1 week to 6 months. In some cases, under the careful supervision of a doctor, the course of treatment can be increased to 18 months.

Side effects:

Xyzal, as a rule, is well tolerated by patients. During the therapy with levocetirizine, some patients noted the development of such undesirable effects:
From the senses and the central nervous system: decreased visual acuity, drowsiness, fatigue, headache, aggression, asthenia, depressive conditions. In isolated cases, the development of hallucinations and convulsions is possible.
On the part of the gastrointestinal tract and hepatobiliary system: discomfort and pain in the epigastric region, dryness of the oral mucosa, nausea, diarrhea, hepatitis, elevation of the level of hepatic enzymes. In a few cases, there was a change in body weight.
Allergic reactions: urticaria, skin itch and rash, anaphylactic shock, angioedema.
Others: heart palpitations, dyspnea, shortness of breath, pain in the muscles.

Contraindications:

Xylol is not prescribed to patients with individual hypersensitivity to levocetirizine and piperazine derivatives.
Coated tablets, Xyzal is not recommended for patients with malabsorption syndrome of glucose-galactose, galactosemia and lactase deficiency.
Levocetirizine should not be given to patients with severe renal function impairment (creatinine clearance less than 10ml / min).
Xyzal is not recommended for use during pregnancy and lactation.
The tablets covered with a cover, do not use for treatment of children younger than 6 years.
Oral drops are not used to treat children younger than 2 years.
It is recommended to use caution when prescribing levocetirizine to patients with impaired renal function, chronic alcoholism, and elderly patients.
Patients who drive a car or control potentially unsafe mechanisms should be especially careful during the therapy with levocetirizine.

Pregnancy:

Xyzal is not used to treat women during pregnancy, due to the lack of reliable data on the effect of levocetirizine on the fetus and the course of pregnancy.
During lactation, the administration of Xyzal is possible only after the decision has been made to abolish breastfeeding, since levocetirizine penetrates into breast milk.

Interaction with other drugs:

Perhaps a slight increase in the half-life of levocetirizine when combined with theophylline.
The combined use of levocetirizine with ethyl alcohol and drugs that oppress the central nervous system is not recommended.

Overdose:

Taking high doses of levocetirizine can cause the development of unreasonable anxiety, agitation, or drowsiness. In addition, there may be an increase in the severity of unwanted effects.
There is no specific antidote. When taking high doses of Xyzal, immediately wash the stomach and prescribe the reception of enterosorbents. In case of need, a therapy aimed at eliminating the symptoms of intoxication is carried out.
Conducting hemodialysis with an overdose of levocetirizine is ineffective.

Storage conditions:

Oral drops Xyzal should be stored no more than 2 years after manufacturing.
The tablets covered with a cover, Xyzal should be stored no more than 3 years after manufacturing.
Regardless of the form of release, the drug is stored in rooms with a temperature not exceeding 25 degrees Celsius.
Oral drops should be stored for no more than 3 months after the first opening of the vial.

Form of issue:

Coated tablets, Xylar 7 or 10 packaged in contoured cell packs, 1 or 2 contour packs are put in a cardboard bundle.

Composition:

1 tablet coated with Xyzal preparation contains: Levocetirizine dihydrochloride - 5 mg. Additional ingredients, including lactose monohydrate.