Oseltamivir caps 75mg #10

Oseltamivir instruction

You can buy Oseltamivir online

Composition

One capsule of the drug Oseltamivir contains 30, 45 or 75 mg of the active substance oseltamivir (oseltamivir phosphate) + starch, croscarmellose sodium, sodium stearyl fumarate, gelatin, titanium dioxide, iron oxide black, red and yellow dyes, povidone K30, talc.
In one bottle of the drug contains 30 mg of the active substance oseltamivir phosphate + titanium dioxide, xanthan gum, sodium saccharin, sorbitol, monosodium citrate, permacil Tutti-Frutti. After preparation of the suspension, the content of oseltamivir is 12 mg per milliliter.

Form of issue

The medicine is released in the form of capsules of gelatin in blisters of 10 capsules, in a cardboard bundle one blister. Capsules are hard, opaque. The capsule has a gray case with the inscription "ROCHE" and a pale yellow cap with the inscription "30 mg", "45 mg" or "75 mg". The inscriptions are made in light blue ink. Inside each of the tablets is a white and light yellow fine powder.
The preparation in the form of a powder for the preparation of a suspension is discharged in light-protective bottles with a capacity of 30 grams. The kit includes a plastic adapter and a dispensing syringe with a measuring cup. The set is in cardboard bundles with a partition. The powder itself is white or slightly yellowish, has a specific pleasant fruity odor and taste. The powder is large, granular. After mixing with water, an opaque white or yellow suspension is formed.

pharmachologic effect

Antiviral.

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

Oseltamivir is a pro-drug. One of its active metabolites, oseltamivir carboxylate, is a selective inhibitor of influenza A and B influenza neuraminidase. This enzyme, which activates the release of viruses from infected cells, is responsible for the multiplication and spread of harmful agents throughout the body, particularly in the respiratory tract epithelium.
There are processes of suppressing the replication of viruses and reducing their pathogenicity. The activity of the release and spread of agents from the host organism of the disease decreases.
The drug facilitates the course of the disease, reduces the course of the disease, reduces the likelihood of complications such as bronchitis, sinusitis, otitis or pneumonia. According to clinical studies in children under 12 years of age, the duration of the disease is reduced by 2 days.
In case of prophylactic admission of persons who come into contact with infected patients, the likelihood of getting influenza in a family member decreases by 92%.
It is noteworthy that the agent has no effect on the intensity of the body's struggle with the disease, antibodies are produced normally. Clinically significant cases of the emergence of drug resistance were not observed.
Oseltamivir phosphate is rapidly and almost completely absorbed into the gastrointestinal tract, where it is converted into an active metabolite, water by the action of intestinal and hepatic esterases. It is possible to detect an active metabolite in the blood plasma within half an hour after administration. The maximum concentration of metabolite reaches in 2-3 hours. Metabolite in plasma is 20 times larger than that of oseltamivir.
Pharmacokinetic indices of the drug do not depend on food intake.
The active substance can be found in the nasal mucosa and bronchi, in the lungs, the trachea and the middle ear.
The degree of binding metabolite with proteins in blood plasma - up to 3%, the prodrug is associated with almost half of the proteins, but does not affect any pharmacodynamic parameters.
The drug (and its active metabolite) is excreted through the kidneys and with feces (to an insignificant extent). The half-life is about five to ten hours.
In persons suffering from serious kidney diseases, difficulties may arise with removing the remedy from the body, the AUC will be inversely proportional to the degree of organ damage. With hepatic pathology such a pattern was not observed.
In elderly patients, dosage adjustment is not required.
In children under the age of 12, the metabolism of the agent is accelerated, the medicine is almost 2 times faster excreted. In this regard, a daily dosage adjustment is required.

Indications for use

The drug is prescribed for the prevention and treatment of influenza
To treat the flu, the drug can be used by individuals from one year. In the event of an influenza pandemic, the use of funds in children 6-12 months is possible.
The drug was most effective when received within two days after infection and the first symptoms were manifested.
Also, Oseltamivir can be used as a preventive measure after contact with infected individuals in epidemics and pandemics in persons older than one year.
It should be noted that taking the drug does not replace vaccination against the influenza virus. Before using the drug, especially in children from 6 to 12 months, you should consult your doctor.

Contraindications

Oseltamivir is contraindicated:
    when allergic to any of its components;
    children under the age of 6 months;
    with chronic renal failure, with Cl creatinine less than 10 ml per minute.
Care should be taken by pregnant and lactating women, children from 6 to 12 months.

Side effects

When taking the drug most often manifested: nausea, vomiting and headache, especially in the early days.
Adult groups of patients and adolescents had:
    headaches, insomnia, convulsions and hallucinations;
    cough, runny nose, nausea, epigastric pain, diarrhea, indigestion;
    bronchitis, upper respiratory tract infections;
    rashes on the skin, eczema, dermatitis and urticaria;
    dizziness;
    weakness, conjunctivitis, nosebleeds.
The following adverse reactions may occur in children:
    otitis, pneumonia, sinusitis;
    nosebleeds, cough, asthma;
    lymphadenopathy;
    hearing impairment, pathology of the development of the tympanic membrane;
    nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting, conjunctivitis;
    dermatitis, urticaria.
In the post-registration period, the following side-effects were found (they were rarely seen, it was not established whether they were related to taking the drug):
    anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reactions;
    visual impairment;
    arrhythmia;
    delirium, hallucinations, confusion, anxiety, nightmares at night;
    bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract;
    Quincke's edema, erythema, Stevens-Johnson syndrome;
    hepatitis, an increase in the level of liver enzymes.

Oseltamivir, instructions for use (Method and dosage)

The drug can be taken during meals or regardless of the meal. In some patients, the drug is better absorbed if you drink it with food.
The standard dosage of 75 mg per day can be divided into 2 parts, one capsule 30 mg and one 45 mg.
Treatment is best to start in the first days of the disease, immediately after the manifestation of the first symptoms.

Instructions for use Oseltamivir in the form of capsules for the treatment of influenza

Adults and children from 13 years of age take 75 mg twice a day. The course of treatment is 5 days.

Oseltamivir for children from 1 to 12 years is recommended to appoint in an amount of 60 to 150 mg per day, divided into 2 doses. The course of treatment is 5 days.
The dosage depends on the weight of the child:
    with a weight of up to 15 kg - 60 mg per day;
    at weight from 15 to 23 kg - 90 mg;
    children weighing from 23 to 40 - 120 mg per day;
    with a weight above 40 mg - 150 mg.
For children aged from six months to a year, appoint 3 mg per kg of body weight, 2 times a day. The course of treatment is the same as for other age categories.

Instruction on capsules for prevention

Take medicine as a preventive agent is recommended within 2 days after contact with the patient.
Typically, take one capsule 75 mg once a day for 10 days.
During the epidemic you can drink 75 mg, 1 time per day for 1.5 months.

Oseltamivir for children under 12 years of age as a preventive medicine is prescribed depending on the weight:
    up to 15 kg - 30 mg per day;
    from 15 to 23 kg - 45 mg per day;
    from 23 to 40 kg - 60 mg;
    more than 40 mg - 75 mg per day.
Duration of admission is 10 days.
If the patient has problems with swallowing the capsule, or if it looks unfit for consumption, the contents of the tablet can be poured into a teaspoonful. Then add in the container chocolate syrup, sugar, honey, condensed milk or other product that can hide the unpleasant taste of the powder. The prepared product should be used immediately after mixing.

Instructions for preparing a suspension

    Carefully shake the contents of the bottle to evenly distribute the powder on the bottom.
    Then pour 52 ml of water into a measuring cup (to the appropriate mark).
    Add the measured amount of water to the vial, close it and shake well for at least 15 seconds.
    Remove the cap from the bottle and insert the adapter into the neck.
    It's good to close the bottle. Ensure that the adapter is properly positioned.
The label should indicate the final term of use of the prepared preparation. Before taking the suspension, the vial should be shaken well. Measure the required amount of medicine with a measuring syringe.
For patients with kidney damage with Cl creatinine 10-30 ml per minute, dosage is reduced to 75 mg once a day. The maximum duration of admission is 5 days. With preventive administration, the dosage is reduced to 75 mg every other day or 30 mg of suspension every day.
The safety of the drug in children under 6 months and those suffering from liver diseases has not been established.
If you have a 75 mg capsule, and you need to give the patient a smaller amount of oseltamivir:
    Pour the contents of one capsule into a small dry container.
    Measure with a 5 ml syringe of water and add to the powder. Stir well.
    If dosage is required: 30 mg should be withdrawn 2 ml of the mixture, if 45 - 3 ml, if 60 - 4 ml.
    Insert the contents of the syringe into another container.
    Mix the contents of the second container with the sweetener (sugar, honey, juice, yogurt), mix and give to the patient.
    If at one time it was possible to take not all the contents of the second container, you can add water and water the patient with the resulting solution.

Overdose

Cases of overdose have not been recorded.
Nausea, dizziness and vomiting may occur. In case of an overdose, it is necessary to stop taking the remedy and perform symptomatic treatment.
The medicine does not have a specific antidote.
When taking up to a gram of the drug, only nausea and vomiting were observed.

Interaction

Drug interaction, as a rule, does not occur.
When the drug is combined with probenecid (or other means that block tubular secretion), the AUC of the active metabolite increases approximately 2-fold, but the dosage of the antiviral agent is not adjusted.

Storage conditions

The drug should be stored out of the reach of children.
The capsules should be stored under normal humidity, at a temperature of no higher than 25 degrees.
Powder for the preparation of the suspension is stored at a temperature of 15 to 25 degrees.
The already prepared suspension can be stored in a dark place at a temperature of 2 to 8 degrees (17 days) or 15 to 25 degrees (10 days).

Shelf life

5 years for capsules, 2 years for powder, 10 to 17 days for prepared suspension.

special instructions

In children and adolescents with influenza and taking Oseltamivir, there were cases of seizures and delirium. However, there was no direct relationship between psychoneurotic disturbances and drug intake (the results of three independent large-scale epidemiological studies). These symptoms were manifested in children who did not take this medicine.
In patients with severe renal failure, it is recommended to adjust the daily dosage, after consulting a specialist.
The effectiveness and safety of the use of the drug in persons with weakened immunity has not been established.
Admission Oseltamivir does not replace the annual vaccination against influenza. The medicine protects against the disease only at the time of its admission.
It is not known how effective the drug is against other diseases (except for the influenza A and B virus).

In pregnancy and lactation

During the study of the remedy on mammalian animals, it was found that oseltamivir penetrates into breast milk. The active substance and its active metabolite were found in lactating women in a subtherapeutic concentration. Before using the drug during lactation, consult a specialist.
Pregnant women can take the medicine after assessing the harm to the fetus / benefit ratio for the mother (after consulting a doctor).

Reviews about Oseltamivir

About the drug responds mostly well:
    "... chic tablets for colds";
    "... you drink and you do not get sick anymore";
    "... when they became ill, began to give to her husband and children - recovered for 3 days."
Of the side effects, most often complain of nausea and loose stool (mostly in children).
Reviews for Oseltamivir for children are good. Some drink the course of the drug for prevention before sending the child to school or kindergarten.