Cefotaxime powder for inj 1gr #1

Cefotaxime instruction

You can buy Cefotaxime online

Composition

Each vial contains 0.5, 1.0, or 2 g of Cefotaxime (according to INN Cefotaxime)

Form of issue

The preparation is issued only in the form of a powder intended for the preparation of a solution administered intramuscularly or intravenously. The powder can be white or yellowish in color. Glass bottles of 10 ml are available in packs of cardboard with the enclosed instructions from the manufacturer. Cefotaxime in tablets is not available.

pharmachologic effect

Semisynthetic antibiotic. The active ingredient refers to the third generation cephalosporins used parenterally. The drug is active against gramnegative and gram-positive flora, resistant to the effects of sulfonamides, aminoglycosides and Penicillin. The mechanism of antimicrobial action is based on the suppression of transpeptidase activity by blocking peptidoglycan.

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

After intramuscular injection, the maximum concentration is recorded after 30 minutes. 25-40% of the active substance binds to plasma proteins. Bactericidal effect lasts 12 hours. In the gallbladder, bone tissue, myocardium, soft tissues, an effective concentration of the active substance is created.
The active component penetrates the placenta, is determined in the peritoneal, pleural, synovial, pericardial and cerebrospinal fluid. With urine, almost 90% of the drug is excreted (20-30% - active metabolites, 60-70% - the original form). With intramuscular injection, the elimination half-life is 1-1.5 hours, with intravenous infusion - 1 hour. Cumulation is not observed. Partially active substance is excreted with bile.

Indications for use of Cefotaxime

The medication is prescribed for infectious diseases.
Indications for use of Cefotaxime in the pathology of the respiratory system:
    pleurisy;
    pneumonia;
    bronchitis;
    abscesses.

The drug is actively used when:

    endocarditis;
    septicemia;
    bacterial meningitis;
    postoperative complications;
    Lyme disease;
    infections of soft tissues and bones.
Antibiotic Cefotaxime is prescribed for diseases of the throat, nose, ear, kidneys, urinary tract.

Contraindications

Cefotaxime injections are not prescribed when:
    bleeding;
    individual hypersensitivity;
    bearing pregnancy;
    an enterocolitis in the anamnesis.
With the pathology of the hepatic system and kidneys, an additional examination is recommended in specialists with a conclusion about the absence of contraindications to antibacterial therapy with cephalosporins.

Side effects

Local reactions:

    soreness with intramuscular injection;
    phlebitis with intravenous infusion.

Side effects from the digestive tract:

    pseudomembranous colitis;
    nausea;
    cholestatic jaundice;
    increase of ALT, AST;
    hepatitis;
    diarrheal syndrome;
    vomiting.

The system of hematopoiesis:

    hypoprothrombinemia;
    hemolytic anemia;
    a decrease in the number of platelets;
    neutropenia.
Allergic responses are possible (edema of Quincke, an increase in the number of eosinophils, skin itching), candidiasis, interstitial nephritis. At registration of other negative reactions the help of the doctor and independent cancellation of a medical preparation is required.

Instructions for use (Method and dosage)

Instructions for the use of Cefotaxime in adults: every 4-12 hours intramuscularly or intravenously administered 1-2 grams. In pediatric practice, injections of Cefotaxime are also prescribed. Instructions for use for children weighing less than 50 kg: 2-6 times a day, 50-180 mg / kg is administered. How many days to prick an antibiotic is determined by the treating doctor, taking into account the underlying disease, the general reaction of the organism, the concomitant pathology. Tablets are not available.
How to dilute Cefotaxime for intravenous injection: 1 g of powder diluted in 4 ml of sterile water, inject slowly 3-5 minutes.
How to dilute Cefotaxime with Novocaine: 1 g of powder diluted in 4 ml of novocaine, injected slowly.
Than to plant a powder? As a solvent, sterile water, lidocaine and Novocaine can act. The last two substances are used for anesthesia. the injections of Cefotaxime are rather painful.

Overdose

Large doses in a short time can cause encephalopathy, dysbiosis and allergic responses. Timely treatment must include desensitizing drugs.

Interaction

Nephrotoxicity is enhanced by treatment with "loop" diuretics, aminoglycosides. NSAIDs and antiplatelet agents increase the risk of bleeding. It is inadmissible to mix Cefotaxime with other medicines with a single syringe (except Novocain, Lidocaine). Probenecid increases the concentration of active substance, slows its excretion.

Storage conditions

The manufacturer recommends that you comply with the temperature regime - up to 25 degrees. Limit children's access to vials of powder.
Shelf life - 2 years.

special instructions

Therapy with nephrotoxic medicines requires mandatory monitoring of the performance of the renal system. When treating for more than 10 days, it is necessary to evaluate the change in peripheral blood. Elderly and weakened patients for the prevention of hypocoagulation appoint vitamin K. When diagnosing pseudomembranous colitis, treatment is discontinued.

Cefotaxime to children

Dosage of Cefotaxime for children is calculated according to the scheme: 50-180 mg / kg / day. Cefotaxime children are prescribed with caution. Newborns are not prescribed.

Cefotaxime and alcohol

Alcohol during antimicrobial treatment can provoke effects similar to that of disulfiram:
    a drop in blood pressure;
    hyperemia of the facial skin;
    tachycardia;
    migraine headache;
    cramping in epigastrium;
    vomiting;
    dyspnea;
    tachycardia.

During pregnancy (and lactation)

Contraindicated in the first trimester. When breastfeeding, in the II and III trimesters, the antibiotic can only be used in cases where the benefit to the mother exceeds the risk to the fetus. With lactation, a medicine can alter the oropharyngeal flora of a child. The embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of the drug in experimental animal studies have not been confirmed. Doctors do not recommend the use of an antibiotic in pregnancy.

Reviews of Cefotaxime

In pediatric practice, it is possible to meet the prescription of antimicrobial medication to children in cases where other antibiotics did not produce the expected result. Reviews of Cefotaxime confirm its high antimicrobial activity, but also indicate a number of negative reactions that are often observed after treatment (dysbacteriosis, bloating, colic).