Ammonia solution 10% 25ml

Ammonia solution instruction for use

You can buy Ammonia solution here

Composition

10% aqueous ammonia solution. The concentration of the active substance in a liter of solution is 440 ml.
As an auxiliary component of the preparation includes purified water (up to 1 l).

Release form

Solution for inhalation and external use of 10%. Available in dropper bottles of 10 ml, 40 and 100 ml bottles.
It is a clear, volatile liquid, without color and with a strong odor.

pharmachologic effect

Irritant, antiseptic, analeptic, emetic.

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

The tool has an irritating effect on the exteroreceptors of the skin and provokes a local release of prostaglandins, kinins and histamine. In the spinal cord, it acts as a liberator for enkephalins and endorphins, which block the flow of pain impulses from pathological foci.
When it enters the upper respiratory tract, it interacts with the endings of the trigeminal nerve and reflexively excites the respiratory center. Concentrated solution causes collication (softening and dissolving) of microbial cell proteins.
With any method of administration, it is rapidly eliminated from the body (mainly bronchial glands and lungs). Reflexively affects the tone of the vascular walls and the activity of the heart.
When applied externally, it expands blood vessels, improves tissue regeneration and trophism, and also stimulates the outflow of metabolites.
When skin is irritated, similar reflexes are caused in segmented muscles and internal organs, contributing to the restoration of impaired functions and structures.
Suppresses the focus of excitation, which supports the pathological process, reduces muscle tension, hyperalgesia, relieves vascular spasm, thus providing a distracting effect.
In case of prolonged contact, it burns mucous membranes and skin, which is accompanied by tissue hyperemia, development of puffiness and soreness.
Reception per os in low concentrations stimulates the secretion of glands, affecting the vomiting center, reflexively increases its excitability and causes vomiting.
The drug does not enter the bloodstream.

Indications for use

Inhalation is used to induce respiration when fainting.
Ingestion is indicated for the stimulation of vomiting (in diluted form).
Outwardly used for disinfecting the hands of a doctor before surgery, in the form of lotions for neuralgia, insect bites, myositis.

Contraindications

Intolerance.
Local application is contraindicated in skin diseases.

Side effects: the effect on the human body of vapors and ammonia solution

If the solution is taken undiluted, burns of the alimentary canal (esophagus and stomach) are possible. Inhalation of the drug in high concentration can cause reflex respiratory depression.

Ammonia solution: instructions for use

In the instructions for use of ammonia, it is indicated that the dose of the drug is selected individually depending on the evidence.
In surgical practice, the solution is used as a means for washing hands using the Spasokokukotsky-Kochergin method, diluting 50 ml of solution in 1 liter of boiled water (warm).
When used to induce respiration, the solution is applied to gauze or cotton. When insect bites are used in the form of lotions.

Application of ammonia in gardening

Application of liquid ammonia for plants is rather diverse: it is used from aphids, for the treatment of onions from an onion fly, for feeding plants.
Ammonia from aphids is used at the rate of 2 tbsp. spoons per 10 liters of water. You should also add some washing powder to the bucket - this will ensure better adhesion. The solution is used for spraying plants.
Ammonia as fertilizer: in this case, 50 ml of solution should be taken for 4 liters of water. The tool is not only a good feeding for indoor and garden plants, but also allows you to get rid of midges and mosquitoes.
For watering onions should be diluted in a bucket of water 1-2 tbsp. spoons of ammonia. Watering plants with this tool is recommended from the moment of planting until the end of June.

How to clean the gold?

There are several ways to clean gold with ammonia.
You can mix 1 teaspoon of alcohol with a glass of water and 1 tbsp. a spoon of any detergent, and you can add to water (200 ml), ammonia (1 tsp), hydrogen peroxide (30 ml), half a teaspoon of liquid detergent.
In the first case, the decorations are put in the cleaning solution for an hour or two, in the second - for 15 minutes. After cleaning, the gold should be washed in water and wiped dry with a napkin.

How to clean silver?

In order to purge silver, ammonia is diluted with water in a ratio of 1:10 (1 part alcohol to 10 parts water). Silverware is left in the solution for several hours, then rinsed in water and rubbed with a soft cloth.
For regular cleaning of silver, a soap solution is used, in which a small amount of ammonia is added.

Ammonia from cockroaches and ants

To combat ants, 100 ml of the solution is diluted in a liter of water and the furniture in the kitchen is washed with this agent. To get rid of cockroaches with ammonia wash the floor.

Ammonia for heels

As a means to soften the hardened skin of the feet, ammonia is mixed with glycerin (1: 1). The tool is applied to the feet before bedtime, and wear socks on top.

Overdose. The impact on the human body ammonia vapors

Overdose causes increased adverse reactions. Thus, the effect on the human body of a high dose of an ammonia solution when taken orally is manifested:
    vomiting with a characteristic ammonia odor;
    diarrhea with tenesmus (false painful urge to defecate);
    laryngeal edema;
    runny nose;
    cough;
    excitement;
    convulsions;
    collapse.
In some cases, death is possible (the patient dies while taking 10-15 g of ammonium hydroxide).
Symptomatic overdose treatment.
Sometimes people wonder what will happen if you drink ammonia. You should know that oral administration of the solution in its pure form can cause severe burns of the alimentary canal.

Symptoms of ammonia poisoning

Exposure of ammonia to a person through inhalation of its vapors is manifested in the form of irritation of the mucous eyes and respiratory tract. The intensity of the stimulation depends on the concentration of the gas.
Signs of ammonia vapors:
    profuse tearing;
    salivation;
    increased breathing;
    increased sweating;
    facial flushing;
    feeling of heaviness and chest tightness;
    chest pain;
    whooping cough;
    sneezing;
    runny nose;
    laryngeal edema and vocal cord spasm;
    anxiety;
    suffocation;
    convulsions;
    loss of consciousness.
With prolonged exposure, ammonia vapors provoke severe muscle weakness, a person's blood circulation is disturbed, and symptoms appear that indicate respiratory distress, as well as pain, severe burning and swelling of the skin.
Regularly repeated exposure to ammonia leads to systemic disorders, which are manifested by eating disorders, deafness, catarrh of the upper respiratory tract, heart failure, and death.
To protect against the harmful effects of ammonia, you should wash the face and the skin unprotected with clothing with water abundantly and cover the face with a respirator (gauze bandage or gas mask) as soon as possible. It is good if the respirator used or the dressing is soaked with water with citric acid (2 tsp per cup of water).
You should know that liquid ammonia causes severe burns. For this reason, it is transported in yellow-painted steel cylinders, special tankers, road and rail tankers.

What to do when ammonia is released?

If you receive information about ammonia leakage, you should protect your skin and respiratory organs and leave the emergency zone in the direction that will be indicated in the radio or television message.
From the zone of chemical damage, one should go to the side perpendicular to the wind direction.
In case of fire, it is forbidden to approach the fire center. Cool ammonia containers from as far as possible. To extinguish, use air-mechanical foam or sprayed water.
If there is no way out, an emergency sealing should be made. Getting out of the danger zone, they take off their outer clothing (they leave things outside), take a shower, wash the nasopharynx and eyes with water.
In case of an accident, you should hide in the lower floors of the building.

First aid for poisoning

If the victim is poisoned, it should be taken out of the affected area. In cases where this is not possible, provide access to oxygen.
The oral cavity, the throat and the nasal cavity are washed with water for 15 minutes, the eyes are instilled with a 0.5% solution of Dicain and, if necessary, additionally covered with a bandage. For better rinsing, glutamic or citric acid can be added to the water.
Even with a slight degree of poisoning over the next 24 hours, the patient should be ensured absolute rest.
If a substance gets on the open area of ​​the body, it is washed with plenty of water and covered with a bandage.
If ammonia gets into the digestive canal, it is necessary to flush the stomach.
Poisoning of any degree requires treatment at a health facility and - if the doctor deems it necessary - the subsequent hospitalization.
After the patient has completed the course of treatment, certain neurological disorders may persist, for example, the loss of individual events and facts from memory, tics with various clinical manifestations, hearing loss and pain sensitivity threshold. A frequent outcome is clouding of the lens and cornea.

Ammonia: the way to neutralize the body

The main way of binding substances is the biosynthesis of urea, which occurs in the ornithine cycle in the liver cells. As a result of this synthesis, urea is formed - a substance that does not harm the body.
Also, ammonia is transported in the blood in the form of glutamine, which is a non-toxic neutral compound and easily passes through the cell membrane.
Another transport form of it is alanine formed in the muscles.

Interaction

Neutralizes the action of acids.

Terms of sale

You don't need a prescription to buy Ammonia solution.

Storage conditions

Stored under normal conditions.
Shelf life - 24 months.

special instructions

What is ammonia? Characteristics, physical and chemical properties of ammonia
Ammonia or hydrogen nitride (NH3) is a colorless gas (like hydrogen, ether, oxygen). The substance has a sharp irritating odor, goes into the atmosphere with the formation of smoke. The name of the substance in Latin is Ammonium.
Molar mass - 17.0306 g / mol. MPC r.z. makes 20 mg / m3. Considering this parameter, ammonia is classified as a low-hazard substance (hazard class IV).
NH3 is extremely soluble in water: at 0 ° C, about 1.2 thousand volumes of this substance dissolve in one volume of water, and at about 20 ° C - about 700 volumes.
It has the properties of alkalis and bases.
Used as a refrigerant for refrigeration. Marked R717, where R stands for “refrigerant” (Refrigerant), “7” indicates the type of refrigerant (in the particular case that ammonia is not organic matter), the last 2 digits is the molecular weight of the substance used.
In liquid hydrogen nitride, molecules form hydrogen bonds. The dielectric constant, conductivity, viscosity and density of liquid NH3 is lower than that of water (the substance is 7 times less viscous than water), the boiling point of a substance boil is 33.35 ° C, it starts to melt at -77.70 ° C
Like water, liquid NH3 is a highly associated substance due to the formation of hydrogen bonds.
Substance practically does not pass an electric current and dissolves many organic and inorganic compounds.
In solid form, NH3 has the form of colorless crystals with a cubic lattice.
The decomposition of hydrogen nitride into nitrogen and hydrogen becomes noticeable at temperatures above 1200-1300 ° C, in the presence of catalysts — at temperatures above 400 ° C.
In the air, ammonia does not burn, with other conditions, namely in pure oxygen, it lights up and burns with a yellow-green flame. When a substance burns in excess of oxygen, nitrogen and water vapor are formed.
The ammonia burning reaction is described by the following equation: 4NH3 + 3O2 = 2N2 + 6H2O.
Catalytic oxidation of NH3 at a temperature of 750–800 ° C makes it possible to obtain nitric acid (the method is used for the industrial production of HNO3).
Stages of the process:
    catalytic oxidation with oxygen to NO;
    conversion of NO to NO2;
    water absorption of a mixture of NO2 with O2 (dissolution of nitric oxide in water and obtaining acid);
    purification of gases released into the atmosphere from nitrogen oxides.
The reaction of ammonia with water produces ammonia hydrate (ammonia water or caustic ammonia). The chemical formula of the hydrate is NH3 · H2O.
How do industry get caustic ammonia? In industry, the synthesis of ammonia solution with a concentration of 25% is carried out by the method of water saturation with ammonia, which is formed as a result of coking coal in a coke oven, or synthetic ammonia gas.
Why use ammonia water? From aqueous solutions of ammonia are nitrogen fertilizers, soda, dyes.
Ammonia: Preparation from Nitric Acid in the Laboratory
To obtain NH3 from HNO3, you should install the tube in a tripod in an almost horizontal position, but so that the acid does not flow out of it.
A few drops of HNO3 are poured into the bottom of the test tube and several pieces of zinc or iron filings are put into it with tweezers. At the opening of the tube, the reduced iron should be put in such a way that it does not come into contact with nitric acid.
The tube should be closed with a stopper with a branch tube and slightly heated. Heating will increase the release rate of ammonia.

What does ammonia react with?

Ammonia reacts with organic substances. The reaction products of ammonia with α-chloro-substituted carboxylic acids are artificial amino acids.
As a result of the reaction, hydrogen chloride (HCl gas) is released, which, when coupled with an excess of ammonia, forms ammonium chloride (or ammonium chloride NH4Cl).
A large number of complex compounds contain ammonia as a ligand.
Ammonium salts are colorless lattice solids. Almost all of them are soluble in water, and they share the same properties as the metal salts known to us.
The product of their interaction with alkalis is ammonia:
NH4Cl + KOH = KCl + NH3 + H2O
The reaction described by the formula, if the test paper is additionally used, is a qualitative reaction to ammonium salts. The latter interact with acids and other salts.
Some ammonium salts evaporate (sublimate) when heated, others decompose.
NH3 is a weak base, so the salts formed by them in an aqueous solution undergo hydrolysis.
A weaker base than ammonia are aromatic amines - derivatives of NH3, in which hydrogen atoms are replaced by hydrocarbon radicals.

Ammonia reactions with acids

Addition of concentrated hydrochloric acid to the NH3 solution is accompanied by the formation of white smoke and the release of ammonium chloride NH4Cl (ammonia).
The reaction of sulfuric acid and ammonia allows to obtain white crystals (NH4) 2SO4 - ammonium sulfate.
If nitric acid is added to NH3, white ammonium nitrate NH4 NO3 is formed.
In the interaction of chloroacetic acid with NH3, the chlorine atom is replaced by an amino group and as a result, amino acetic acid is formed.
If NH3 is passed through hydrobromic acid, ammonium bromide is formed (the reaction is described by the formula - HBr + NH3 = NH4Br).

Ammonia: harder or lighter than air?

Compared with air, NH3 has almost twice the density, so its vapors always rise upwards. However, under certain conditions ammonia aerosol can form - a suspension of drops of this substance in a gas. Such an aerosol is usually heavier than air and therefore more dangerous than gaseous NH3.

Is hydrogen nitride a complex or simple substance?

Hydrogen nitride is formed by atoms of different elements, therefore it is a complex inorganic compound.

The molecular structure of ammonia

The ammonia is characterized by a crystal lattice of polar molecules, between which the so-called Van der Waals forces act. Chemical bonds in the molecule of hydrogen nitride 3, they are formed by the covalent polar mechanism.
The molecule has the form of a trigonal pyramid, on top of which is a nitrogen atom (the oxidation state of nitrogen in NH3 is “-3”).

Industrial method of producing ammonia

Obtaining ammonia in industry is a costly and laborious process. Industrial synthesis is based on obtaining NH3 from nitrogen and hydrogen under pressure, in the presence of a catalyst and when exposed to high temperatures.
As a catalyst in the production of NH3 in industry, aluminum and potassium oxide activated sponge iron is used. Industrial plants in which the synthesis is carried out, based on the circulation of gases.
The reacted gas mixture, in the composition of which NH3 is present, is cooled, after which NH3 is condensed and separated, and the unreacted hydrogen with nitrogen with a new portion of gases is fed back to the catalyst.
A presentation on the joint production of ammonia and methanol in industry was also presented.
Existing GOSTs, according to which hydrogen nitride is produced:
    liquid technical ammonia, anhydrous ammonia - GOST 6221-90;
    ammonia water - GOST 3760-79;
    technical ammonia water - GOST 9-92.
To characterize the reaction of ammonia synthesis can be as follows: ammonia is formed as a product of the compound flowing in the gas phase reaction - direct, catalytic, exothermic, reversible, redox.

Recycling

NH3 is utilized by the method of selective production of recyclable substances, and by the method that provides for the use of waste waste as a raw material for the production of other materials.

What is ammonia? Chemical formula of ammonia

Ammonia is a 10% aqueous solution of ammonia. The formula of the substance is NH4OH. The Latin name is Solutio Ammonii caustici seu Ammonium causticum solutum.
Ammonia has been used in everyday life as a stain remover, detergent for cleaning coins, dishes, sanitary ware, furniture, silver and gold jewelry. In addition, it is used for dyeing fabrics, fighting aphids, onion stealth, onion front sights, ants and cockroaches, washing windows, and caring for rough skin of the feet.
The reaction of ammonia with iodine allows you to get a very unstable adduct, which has the appearance of dry crystals, which is often used as a spectacular experience.

Ammonia is ammonia?

Some believe that ammonia and ammonia are one and the same. However, this opinion is wrong. The ammonia solution is ammonia or, in other words, an aqueous solution of ammonium hydroxide.
But ammonia is ammonium salt, a slightly hygroscopic white crystalline powder and odorless, which evaporates hydrogen nitride (ammonia) when heated. Its formula is NH4Cl.
Wikipedia states that the substance is used as a fertilizer (as a top dressing it is applied to alkaline and neutral soils for crops that react poorly to excess chlorine - rice, maize, sugar beet), as a food additive E510, soldering flux, electrolyte components in electroplating cells and quick fix in photography, smoke former.
In laboratory conditions, ammonia is used for lysis of erythrocytes, the use in medicine is advisable to enhance the action of diuretics and relieve swelling of cardiac origin.

Precautionary measures

Topical application is possible only on intact skin.
In case of accidental contact with the eye mucosa, the eyes are washed with a large amount of water (at least 15 minutes) or with a solution of boric acid (3%). Oils and ointments in this case are contraindicated.
In the case of taking a solution of ammonia inside, you should drink fruit juices, water, warm milk with soda or mineral water, a solution of citric (0.5%) or acetic (1%) acid until it is completely neutralized.
If respiratory organs are damaged, fresh air and warm water inhalations with the addition of citric acid or vinegar are shown, and oxygen is present for asphyxiation.

What does the smell of ammonia in the urine and the ammonia smell of sweat say?

There are a number of reasons that can explain why urine smells like ammonia.
As a rule, an unpleasant smell after urination is a temporary phenomenon that can be triggered by:
    protein abuse;
    dehydration;
    urinary retention;
    use hot spices.
However, odor urine can also signal a serious pathology:
    diabetes;
    inflammatory (cystitis, pyelitis, urethritis) and infectious (gardnerellosis, chlamydiosis, vaginosis) diseases of the urogenital tract;
    tuberculosis;
    renal dysfunction;
    metabolic disorders;
    malignant neoplasms.
You should know that the smell of ammonia from the mouth also indicates a serious renal failure.
In women, discharge with odor is possible during periods of menopause and pregnancy (if the pregnant woman consumes little liquid and / or takes various medications and supplements).
If sweat smells like ammonia, it can be caused by kidney failure, cystitis, urinary incontinence, liver problems, cholera, the presence of bacteria that can provoke a peptic ulcer. Another possible cause of body odor is protein diets.
Everyone knows how liquid ammonia smells, so when a characteristic odor appears (especially if the urine smells in a child) or an ammoniac taste in the mouth, you should consult a doctor who will accurately determine the cause of this phenomenon and take the necessary measures.
No less disturbing symptom is the smell of ammonia in the nose, the cause of which may be some diseases of the nasopharynx, pathology of other organs, foreign body penetration into the nasal passage, head injuries (the smell can relate to olfactory hallucinations), cancer.

Why does fish smell like ammonia?

Sometimes it happens that the fish smells like ammonia. Smell can be in 2 cases:
    if the fish were stored incorrectly, and a certain type of mold appeared on it;
    if the fish lived in a polluted pond.

For kids

In pediatrics, applied from 3 years of age.

During pregnancy

In pregnancy and lactation use is allowed only in situations where the benefits to the woman's body outweighs the potential risk to the child.
In most cases, pregnant women try not to use ammonia in any form. Paint for pregnant women also should not contain this substance. In the list of the most suitable for pregnant products, you can include the following hair colors without ammonia:
    Igor Schwarzkopf (Schwarzkopf Igora Vibrance);
    paint from the palette Garnier (Garnier Color & Shine);
    Estelle paint, whose palette has 140 shades;
    ammonia-free paint from the Matrix Color Sync palette;
    Kutrin paint.
There are a lot of good reviews about L’Oreal Professionnel LUO COLOR paint without ammonia. However, there are women who continue to use hair dye with ammonia during pregnancy.

Reviews

Ammonia is a proven product over the years. Traditionally, it is used as a means for removing a person from an unconscious state. However, there are also reviews about liquid alcohol from a hangover.
When drunk in a glass of water pour in 5 to 10 drops of ammonia solution. After drinking drunk, he should quickly rub his hands with his hands, so that he would regain consciousness as a result of a rush of blood to his head.
In the preparation of medicines, it is important to adhere to the dosage in order not to provoke a burn of the esophagus. Knowledgeable people claim that this is a very effective way to get a person out of binge drinking.