Natrii chloridum solution 0.9% 5ml #10 amps

Natrii chloridum user manual

You can buy Natrii chloridum here

Composition

The active ingredient of this remedy is sodium chloride. The formula of sodium chloride is NaCl, these are white crystals that dissolve rapidly in water. The molar mass is 58.44 g / mol. The code of the OKPD is 14.40.1.
Physiological saline (isotonic) is a solution of 0.9%, it contains 9 g of sodium chloride, up to 1 liter of distilled water.
Hypertonic sodium chloride solution is a solution of 10%, it contains 100 g of sodium chloride, up to 1 liter of distilled water.

Form of issue

A 0.9% sodium chloride solution is produced, which can be contained in 5 ml, 10 ml, 20 ml ampoules. Ampoules are used to dissolve drugs for injection.
A 0.9% sodium chloride solution is also produced in 100, 200, 400 and 1000 ml vials. Their use in medicine is practiced for external use, intravenous drip infusion, enemas.
A solution of 10% sodium chloride is contained in 200 and 400 ml vials.

pharmachologic effect

Sodium chloride is a drug that acts as a rehydrating and detoxifying agent. The drug is able to replenish the body's lack of sodium, subject to the development of a variety of pathologies. Sodium chloride also increases the amount of fluid that circulates in the vessels.
Such properties of the solution are due to the presence of chloride ions and sodium ions in it. They are able to penetrate the cell membrane through various transport mechanisms, in particular a sodium-potassium pump. An important role is played by sodium in the process of signal transmission in neurons, and it is also involved in the process of metabolism in the kidneys and in the electrophysiological processes of the human heart.
The pharmacopeia indicates that sodium chloride maintains constant pressure in the extracellular fluid and blood plasma. In the normal state of the body, a sufficient amount of this compound enters the body with food. But in pathological conditions, in particular, with vomiting, diarrhea, severe burns, there is an increased excretion of these elements from the body. As a result, the body suffers from a deficiency of chloride and sodium ions, as a result of which the blood becomes thicker, the functions of the nervous system, blood flow, convulsions, and muscle muscle cramps are disturbed.
If the isotonic solution of sodium chloride is injected into the blood in a timely manner, its application contributes to the restoration of the water-salt balance. But since the osmotic pressure of the solution is similar to that of blood plasma, it does not stay in the vascular bed for a long time. After the introduction, it is quickly excreted from the body. As a consequence, after 1 hour, not more than half of the administered amount of solution is retained in the vessels. Therefore, in case of blood loss, the solution is not sufficiently effective.
The agent also has plasma-substituting, detoxifying properties.
With the introduction of an intravenous hypertonic solution, diuresis is intensified, and the deficiency of chlorine and sodium in the body is compensated.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics

Excretion from the body occurs mainly through the kidneys. A little sodium is excreted with sweat and with feces.

Indications for use

Sodium chloride is a saline solution that is used in case of loss of the extracellular fluid by the body. It is indicated for conditions that lead to the restriction of fluid intake:
    dyspepsia during poisoning;
    vomiting, diarrhea;
    cholera;
    extensive burns;
    hyponatremia or hypochloremia, in which dehydration of the body is noted.
Given that such sodium chloride, it is used externally for the purpose of washing wounds, eyes, nose. The drug is used to moisturize dressings, for inhalation, for the face.
The use of NaCl for carrying out forced diuresis with constipation, poisoning, with internal bleeding (pulmonary, intestinal, gastric) is shown.
It is also indicated in indications for the use of sodium chloride that it is a remedy that is used to dilute and dissolve drugs that are administered parenterally.

Contraindications

Contraindicated application of the solution in such diseases and conditions:
    hypokalemia, hyperchloremia, hypernatremia;
    extracellular hyperhydration, acidosis;
    edema of the lungs, cerebral edema;
    acute left ventricular failure;
    development of circulatory disorders, in which there is a threat of cerebral edema and lungs;
    administration of large doses of GCS.
Caution solution is prescribed for people who suffer from hypertension, peripheral edema, decompensated chronic heart failure, chronic renal failure, pre-eclampsia, and those diagnosed with other conditions in which sodium is delayed in the body.
If the solution is used as a dissolution agent for other medicines, the existing contraindications should be considered.

Side effects

When sodium chloride is used, the following conditions can develop:
    hyperhydration;
    hypokalemia;
    acidosis.
If the drug is used correctly, then the development of side effects is unlikely.
If the 0.9% NaCl solution is used as the base solvent, the side effects are determined by the properties of the drugs that are diluted with the solution.
If any negative effects occur, you should immediately report this to a specialist.

Instructions for use Sodium Chloride (Method and Dosage)

The instruction for the physical solution (isotonic solution) provides for its administration intravenously and subcutaneously.
In most cases, an intravenous drip is used, for which the drip of Sodium Chloride is heated to a temperature of 36-38 degrees. The volume that is administered to a patient depends on the state of the patient, and on the amount of fluid that has been lost by the body. It is important to take into account the age of a person and his weight.
The average daily dose of the drug is 500 ml, a solution is introduced at an average rate of 540 ml / h. If there is a strong degree of intoxication, then the maximum amount of medication per day can be 3000 ml. If there is such a need, you can enter a volume of 500 ml at a rate of 70 drops per minute.
Children are given a dose of 20 to 100 ml per day for 1 kg of weight. The dosage depends on the body weight, on the age of the child. It should be borne in mind that with prolonged use of this drug, it is necessary to monitor the level of electrolytes in plasma and urine.
To dilute drugs that need to be administered drip, apply from 50 to 250 ml of sodium chloride per dose of the drug. Determination of the features of the administration is carried out according to the basic medicine.
The introduction of a hypertonic solution is carried out intravenously.
If the solution is used to immediately fill the deficiency of sodium and chlorine ions, 100 ml of the solution is added dropwise.
To conduct a rectal enema for causing defecation, 100 ml of a 5% solution is administered, and also 3000 ml of isotonic solution can be administered throughout the day.
The use of hypertonic enema is slowly shown in renal and cardiac edema, increased intracranial pressure and with hypertension is carried out slowly, injected 10-30 ml. It is impossible to carry out such an enema in case of colon erosion and inflammatory processes.
Suppurative wounds with a solution are carried out according to the scheme prescribed by the doctor. Compresses with NaCl are applied directly to the wound or other lesions on the skin. Such a compress promotes the separation of pus, the death of pathogenic microorganisms.
Nasal spray is instilled into the nasal cavity after it has been cleansed. Adult patients are dripped two drops into each nostril, children - 1 drop. It is used both for treatment and for prevention, for which the solution is dripped for approximately 20 days.
Sodium chloride for inhalations is used for colds. To do this, the solution is mixed with bronchodilators. Inhalation is carried out for ten minutes three times a day.
If necessary, saline can be prepared at home. To do this, a full teaspoon of table salt should be stirred in one liter of boiled water. If necessary, to prepare a certain amount of solution, for example, with a salt of 50 g, appropriate measurements should be made. Such a solution can be used topically, used for enemas, rinses, inhalations. However, in no case should such a solution be administered intravenously or used to treat open wounds or eyes.

Overdose

In case of an overdose, the patient may feel nauseous, suffer from vomiting and diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, heart palpitations may develop. Also, overdose can increase blood pressure, develop pulmonary edema and peripheral edema, kidney failure, muscle cramps, weakness, dizziness, generalized convulsions, coma. With excessive administration of the solution, hypernatremia may develop.
When excessive intake of the body can develop hyperchloric acidosis.
If sodium chloride is used to dissolve drugs, then mainly overdose is associated with the properties of those drugs that are diluted.
In case of unintended excessive introduction of NaCl, it is important to stop this process and assess whether there are negative symptoms in the patient. Symptomatic treatment is practiced.

Interaction

NaCl is combined with most drugs. It is this property that causes the use of a solution for diluting and dissolving a number of drugs.
When diluting and dissolving, it is necessary to monitor the compatibility of the preparations visually, determining whether the precipitate does not appear in the process, whether the color changes, etc.
Poorly combined with norepinephrine.
With the simultaneous administration of a drug with corticosteroids, it is important to constantly monitor the electrolyte content in the blood.
In parallel, the hypotensive effect of Enalapril and Spirapril is reduced.
Incompatible Sodium Chloride with leukopoiesis stimulant Filgrastim, as well as polypeptide antibiotic Polymyxin B.
There is evidence that the isotonic solution increases the bioavailability of drugs.
When diluted with a solution of powdered antibiotics, they are absorbed by the body completely.

Storage conditions

Keep the powder, tablets and solution in a dry place, in a well-sealed container, and the temperature should not be more than 25 degrees Celsius. It is important to protect the drug from children. If the package is sealed, the freezing does not affect the properties of the preparation.
Shelf life
There are no restrictions for the storage of powder and tablets. A solution in ampoules of 0.9% can be stored for 5 years; solution in vials 0,9% - one year, solution in vials 10% - 2 years. Can not be used after the storage period is over.

special instructions

If an infusion is performed, the patient's condition, in particular, behind the electrolytes of the blood plasma, must be carefully monitored. It should be borne in mind that in children due to the immaturity of kidney function, the sodium excretion can be slowed down. It is important to determine its concentration in the plasma before performing repeated infusions.
It is important to monitor the condition of the solution before it is injected. The solution should be transparent, the packaging intact. Use the solution for intravenous administration only by a qualified technician.
Dissolve any drugs Sodium Chloride should only be an expert who can skillfully assess whether the resulting solution is suitable for administration. It is important to strictly adhere to all the rules of antiseptics. The introduction of any solution should be carried out immediately after its preparation.
The result of a number of chemical reactions involving sodium chloride is the formation of chlorine. Electrolysis of the melt of Sodium Chloride in industry is a method of producing chlorine. If electrolysis of the Sodium Chloride solution was carried out, chlorine is also obtained as a result. If crystalline Sodium Chloride is acted upon by concentrated sulfuric acid, hydrogen chloride is eventually obtained. Sodium sulfate and sodium hydroxide can be obtained by a chain of chemical reactions. A qualitative reaction to chloride ion-reaction with silver nitrate.

Children

It is used according to the instructions and under the close supervision of specialists. It is necessary to take into account the immaturity of kidney function in children, therefore, repeated administration is carried out only after the exact determination of the sodium level in the plasma.

In pregnancy and lactation

In pregnancy, a dropper with sodium chloride can be used only for pathological conditions. This is a toxicosis in the middle or severe stage, as well as gestosis. Healthy women receive sodium chloride with food, and, its excess can lead to the development of edema.

Reviews

Most reviews are positive, as users write about this tool as a useful product. Especially many reviews about the nasal spray, which, according to patients, is a good tool for both prevention and treatment of the common cold. The product effectively moisturizes the nasal mucosa and promotes recovery.