Losartan tabs 100mg #30

Losartan user manual

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Composition

The composition of this drug includes the active substance - losartan potassium in the amount of 25 mg / 50 mg / 100 mg, depending on the form of release of the drug.
As auxiliary substances are used:
    lactose monohydrate;
    microcrystalline cellulose;
    pregelatinized starch;
    magnesium stearate in an amount.
The composition of the shell includes:
    polyvinyl alcohol;
    titanium dioxide;
    macrogol;
    talc.

Form of issue

    tablets 25 mg white in the form of an oval in a film shell with marked markings;
    tablets 50 mg white in the form of an oval in a film shell with marked "50";
    tablets 100 mg white in the form of an oval in a film shell with marked "100".

pharmachologic effect

Losartan is a selective, competitive antagonist blocker of AT1 receptor subtypes in various tissues, including the brain, adrenal cortex, liver, kidneys, heart and smooth muscle vessels, reducing the effect of angiotensin II development.
The introduction of the active substance of the drug leads to a decrease in the total peripheral resistance (afterload) and cardiac venous return (preload). All the physiological effects of angiotensin II, including stimulation of aldosterone release, are blocked by the action of Losartan. Reduction of blood pressure occurs irrespective of the state of the renin-angiotensin system. As a result of the use of this drug, renin activity in plasma increases due to the removal of angiotensin II.
The effect of this drug was confirmed in the Life study (Losartan Intervention For Endpoint) in which 9,193 people with essential hypertension took part. The age of the subjects was 55-80 years with an arterial pressure of 160-200 mm Hg. After taking Losartan, this indicator decreased by 13%, and the mortality among such patients decreased by 25%.

Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics

This drug has an antihypertensive effect immediately after the first oral administration. The effect of the drug is expressed in a decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, which is reached at most 6 hours after admission. After a day, the effect of the drug is reduced. A stable hypotensive effect is observed after 3-6 weeks of taking Losartan.
In people with arterial hypertension, this drug reduces proteinuria, albumin and immunoglobulin G. In addition, the active substance helps stabilize urea in the blood plasma without affecting the content of norepinephrine in the blood plasma.
Losartan is characterized by an excellent absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. Important is the ability of the active substance to undergo metabolism with a single passage through the liver by carboxylation with the participation of the CYP2C9 isoenzyme, thus forming an active metabolite.
Systemic bioavailability of the active substance is approximately 33%. Approximately 60 minutes later, the maximum concentration of the active substance in the blood serum is reached. The bioavailability of Losartan is not affected by eating.
The degree of penetration of Losartan through the blood-brain barrier is minimal. Virtually 99% of the substance binds to albumins and other proteins of the blood plasma.
Plasma clearance is approximately 600 ml / min and 50 ml / min. The renal clearance is approximately 74 ml / min and 26 ml / min. After taking the drug, approximately 4% of the dose taken is excreted through the kidneys in an unchanged state and approximately 6% is excreted through the kidneys as an active metabolite.
Basically, the active substance of this drug is excreted from the body through the kidneys and intestines.

Indications for use

Indications for the use of Losartan are as follows:
    arterial hypertension (the state of the body with an increase in blood pressure above 140 mm Hg Art.);
    chronic heart failure (a pathological condition in which the activity of the cardiovascular system does not provide oxygen to the body first during exercise, and then at rest);
    risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, in particular stroke;
    diabetic nephropathy (a term that unites the complex of lesions of the arteries, arterioles, tubules and glomeruli of the kidneys that develop as a result of metabolic disturbances in the tissues of the kidneys).

Contraindications

Losartan is contraindicated in the presence of hypersensitivity to one of the components that make up the drug, as well as in the period of bearing and breastfeeding.

Side effects

When taking this medication, side effects may occur, which can be conditionally classified as "frequently occurring" and "rare".
Often there are such side effects as:
    pain in the abdominal region or in the stomach;
    state of anxiety;
    pain in the bladder;
    bloody inclusions in the urine;
    blurred vision;
    chills;
    cold sweat;
    coma;
    confusion of thoughts;
    pallor of the skin;
    depression;
    difficulty breathing;
    painful urination;
    dizziness;
    cardiopalmus;
    frequent urge to urinate;
    headache;
    increased hunger;
    irregular heartbeat;
    pain in various parts of the body;
    nausea or vomiting;
    numbness or tingling in the hands, feet, lips;
    convulsions;
    slurred speech;
    unstable breathing during exercise;
    sudden and causeless hematomas;
    a state of fatigue or weakness;
    heaviness in the legs.
Much less often with Losartan, the following side effects occur:
    pain or discomfort in the chest;
    chest tightness or heaviness;
    malaise;
    increased heart rate;
    inability to speak;
    pain or discomfort in the neck;
    sweating;
    swelling of the face;
    temporary blindness;
    instability or awkwardness.

Losartan, instructions for use

Losartan tablets should be taken orally without binding to food intake. The drug is available in the form of tablets, which should be swallowed without chewing once a day.
Instructions for use Losartan for various diseases:
    Patients with arterial hypertension are prescribed a daily dose of 50 mg once a day. At the discretion of the attending physician, the daily dose can be increased to 100 mg per day.
    With chronic heart failure, Losartan is prescribed at the initial stage of 12.5 mg per day, after which, at a weekly interval, the dose is doubled.
    If it is necessary to reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, the drug intake is prescribed in a dose of 50 mg per day.
    In case of liver failure, taking this medication is recommended in a minimum dose of 25 mg per day. The same dosage is prescribed for patients older than 75 years.
During the treatment of any disease using Losartan, strict control of blood pressure indices is necessary.
To increase the therapeutic effect of taking this medication should be carried out at the same time, which is usually determined by a specialist. In the event that one dose is missed, the next one should be taken at the time closest to the established one, followed by correction of the time of the next dose. A doubled dose of this medication should not be taken.

Overdose

Patients who have taken too high a dose of the drug may experience symptoms such as low blood pressure or heart palpitations.
In case of an overdose of Losartan, you should immediately seek help from specialists.

Interaction with other drugs

When some drugs are used simultaneously with Losartan, it can lead to negative drug interactions. Interaction can develop if the drug is taken with medicines, such as biologically active additives with potassium, potassium-sparing diuretics or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In addition, the body metabolizes drugs in different ways, so their joint intake with this drug may cause an increase to the extreme mark of the content of active substances.
Losartan potassium can potentially interact with a number of other medicines. Some of them are:
Drug Interactions with ACE Inhibitors
Losartan works similarly to ACE inhibitors, although it is not. Thus, a combination of these drugs can increase the risk of high potassium levels (hyperkalemia), the development of kidney failure, and dangerously low blood pressure.
Drug interaction with diuretics
The combination of this drug with diuretics can provoke a strong decrease in pressure. To reduce the risk of such manifestations, the attending physician must adjust the dose of Losartan.
Potassium supplements or substitutes for potassium salt
When taking this drug in conjunction with funds containing potassium or a substitute for salt with potassium, the level of potassium in the blood can become too high. This can cause serious problems, including with the cardiovascular system.

Potassium-sparing diuretics

With the simultaneous administration of Losartan and potassium-sparing diuretics, the body can assimilate them differently than was supposed, which ultimately leads to an increase in the level of potassium in the blood.
Rifampin (Rifadin, Rimactane, Rofact)
In this case, the assimilation of Losartan will occur in a different way than was supposed, which may lead to a decrease in the level of the active substance of the drug in the body.
Lithium (Eskalith, Lithane, Lithonate, Lithotabs)
Simultaneous reception of Losartan and lithium containing drugs can lead to a change in metabolism and an increase in the level of lithium in the blood.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
If the patient has kidney disease or kidney failure, concurrent use of this drug and NSAIDs may lead to worsening of the health status and worsening of the course of the disease.

Terms of sale

You can buy Losartan without a prescription.

Storage conditions

Losartan should be stored at room temperature, away from moisture and heat. It is better to keep the tablets in an airtight container.
This drug, like all medicines, must be stored out of the reach of children.

Shelf life

Tablets 50 mg: 5 years.
Tablets 100 mg: 3 years.

Reviews of Losartan

Reviews about Losartan in a wide variety can be found at specialized forums. In general, reviews about this drug are positive, which confirms the beneficial effect of taking the medicine. Nevertheless, there are also reviews, mainly about Losartan Richter, where people complain of frequent manifestations of side effects. It should be noted that adverse reactions occur after several treatments of this drug.