Acyclovir Forte tabs 400mg #20

Acyclovir Forte user manual

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Composition

One tablet contains:
active ingredient: Acyclovir - 400 mg
excipients: potato starch, lactose (milk sugar), povidone, sugar (sucrose), sodium lauryl sulfate, magnesium stearate.
Description: Tablets of white color, biconvex, oblong shape with rounded ends, with a risk on one side.
Pharmacotherapeutic group:
Antiviral drug

Pharmacological properties

Antiviral drug, a synthetic analog of acyclic purine nucleoside, which has a highly selective effect on herpes viruses. Inside viral infected cells, viral thymidine kinase undergoes a series of successive transformations of Acyclovir into mono-, di-, and Acyclovir triphosphate. Acyclovir triphosphate is inserted into the viral DNA chain and blocks its synthesis through competitive inhibition of viral DNA polymerase.
In vitro, Acyclovir Forte is effective against herpes simplex virus - Herpes simplex type I and II, against Varicella zoster virus; higher concentrations are required to inhibit Epstein-Barr virus.

Pharmacokinetics

When ingestion bioavailability is 15-30%. Acyclovir Forte penetrates well into all organs and tissues of the body, including the brain and skin. Binding to plasma proteins is 9-33% and does not depend on its concentration in plasma. The concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid is about 50% of its concentration in plasma. Acyclovir penetrates the placental barrier and accumulates in breast milk. The maximum concentration after oral administration is 200 mg 5 times a day - 0.7 µg / ml, the time to reach the maximum concentration is 1.5-2 hours.
Metabolized in the liver with the formation of a pharmacologically inactive compound 9-carboxymethoxymethylguanine. The elimination half-life in adults with normal renal function is 2–3 hours. In patients with severe renal failure, the half-life is 20 hours, with hemodialysis, 5.7 hours (while the concentration of Acyclovir in plasma decreases to 60% of the initial value). About 84% is excreted by the kidneys in unchanged form and 14% in the form of a metabolite. Renal clearance of Acyclovir is 75-80% of the total plasma clearance. Less than 2% of Acyclovir is excreted through the intestines.

Indications for use

· Treatment of infections of the skin and mucous membranes caused by Herpes simplex type I and II viruses, both primary and secondary, including genital herpes.
· Prevention of exacerbations of recurrent infections caused by Herpes simplex type I and II viruses in patients with normal immune status.
· Prevention of primary and recurrent infections caused by Herpes simplex type I and II viruses in patients with immunodeficiency.
· As part of complex therapy for patients with severe immunodeficiency: in HIV infection (AIDS stage, early clinical manifestations and detailed clinical picture) and in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation.
· Treatment of primary and recurrent infections caused by the Varicella zoster virus (chickenpox, as well as herpes zoster - Herpes zoster).

Contraindications for Acyclovir Forte

Hypersensitivity to Acyclovir Forte, ganciclovir or any excipient of Acyclovir Forte.

Acyclovir Forte is contraindicated during lactation.
Children's age up to 3 years (for this dosage form).
Galactose intolerance, lactase deficiency, glucose-galactose malabsorption.

Carefully

Pregnancy; elderly people and patients receiving large doses, especially against the background of dehydration; impaired renal function; neurological disorders or neurological reactions to the use of cytotoxic drugs (including history).

Pregnancy and lactation

Acyclovir Forte penetrates the placental barrier and accumulates in breast milk.
Use during pregnancy is possible only when the intended benefit to the mother outweighs the potential risk to the fetus. If you need to take Acyclovir during lactation requires interruption of breastfeeding.

Dosage and administration

Inside Acyclovir Forte is taken during or immediately after a meal and washed down with a sufficient amount of water.
The dosage regimen is set individually depending on the severity of the disease.
In the treatment of infections of the skin and mucous membranes caused by Herpes simplex type I and II:
Adults: Acyclovir Forte is prescribed 200 mg 5 times a day for 5 days with 4-hour intervals during the day and with an 8-hour interval for the night. In more severe cases of the disease, the course of treatment may be extended by a doctor's prescription to 10 days. As part of complex therapy for severe immunodeficiency, including the expanded clinical picture of HIV infection (including the early clinical manifestations of HIV infection and the AIDS stage), 400 mg 5 times a day is prescribed after bone marrow implantation.
For the prevention of recurrence of infections caused by Herpessimplex type I and II viruses, patients with normal immune status and disease recurrence are prescribed 200 mg 4 times a day every 6 hours, the course duration is from 6 to 12 months.
For the prevention of infections caused by Herpessimplex type I and II viruses, adults with immunodeficiency, Acyclovir Forte is recommended to be prescribed 200 mg 4 times a day every 6 hours, the maximum dose is up to 400 mg of Acyclovir 5 times a day depending on the severity of the infection.
Children: for the infection caused by Herpessimplex and the prevention of this infection in patients with weakened immune protection, children older than 3 years receive the same dose as adults.
When treating infections caused by varicella zoster:
Adults: Acyclovir Forte is prescribed 800 mg 5 times a day every 4 hours during the day and with an 8-hour interval for the night. Duration of treatment is 7-10 days.
Children: when chickenpox is prescribed at 20 mg / kg 4 times a day for 5 days (maximum single dose of 800 mg), for children from 3 years to 6 years: 400 mg 4 times a day, older than 6 years: 800 mg 4 times per day for 5 days.
When treating infections caused by Herpes zoster, adults are prescribed 800 mg 4 times a day every 6 hours for 5 days.
In patients with impaired renal function:
When treating and preventing infections caused by Herpes simplex, in patients with creatinine clearance less than 10 ml / min, the dosage of Acyclovir Forte should be reduced to 200 mg 2 times a day at 12-hour intervals.
When treating infections caused by Varicella zoster, in patients with creatinine clearance less than 10 ml / min, it is recommended to reduce the dosage of Acyclovir Forte to 800 mg 2 times a day at 12-hour intervals; with creatinine clearance up to 25 ml / min, 800 mg is prescribed 3 times a day with 8-hour intervals.

Side effect

The drug is usually well tolerated.
On the part of the gastrointestinal tract: in isolated cases - abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea.
In the blood: a transient slight increase in liver enzymes, rarely a slight increase in urea and creatinine levels, hyperbilirubinemia, leukopenia, erythropenia.
From the side of the central nervous system: rarely - headache; weakness; in some cases, tremor, dizziness, fatigue, exhaustion, drowsiness, insomnia, paresthesia, confusion, hallucinations, decreased concentration, agitation.
Allergic reactions: anaphylactic reactions, skin rash, pruritus, Lyell's syndrome, urticaria, erythema multiforme, including erythema. Stevens-Johnson syndrome, fever.
Other: rarely - alopecia, peripheral edema, blurred vision, lymphadenopathy, myalgia, malaise.

Overdose

There are no cases of overdose after oral administration of Acyclovir Forte.
Interaction: Simultaneous use with probenecid leads to an increase in the average half-life and reduced clearance of Acyclovir Forte.
When taken simultaneously with nephrotoxic drugs increases the risk of renal dysfunction.
The increased effect is noted with the simultaneous appointment of immunostimulants.

Special instructions

Apply strictly on doctor's prescription in order to avoid complications in adults and children over 3 years old.
With caution prescribed to patients with impaired renal function, elderly patients due to an increase in the half-life of Acyclovir Forte.
At use of drug it is necessary to provide receipt of a sufficient amount of liquid.
When taking the drug should monitor kidney function (blood urea and plasma creatinine).

Acyclovir Forte does not prevent the transmission of herpes through sexual contact, therefore during the period of treatment it is necessary to refrain from sexual intercourse, even in the absence of clinical manifestations.
Due to the presence of lactose, patients with rare hereditary diseases such as galactose intolerance, lactase deficiency, glucose-galactose malabsorption should not take Aciclovir Forte.

Release form

400 mg tablets.
On 5, 10, 12, 15, 20 or 30 tablets in a blister packaging.
On 1, 2 or 3 blister packs with instructions for use are placed in a pack of cardboard.

Storage conditions

List B. In a dry, dark place at a temperature no higher than 25 ° C. Keep out of the reach of children.

Shelf life

2 years. Do not use after expiration date.

Pharmacy sales terms

You can buy Acyclovir Forte without a prescription.